Supporting Effect Of Mining Anchor
Supporting effect of mining anchor
Mining anchor is the basic component of tunnel support in contemporary coal mines, which reinforces the surrounding rock of the tunnel together and makes the surrounding rock support itself. Nowadays, anchors are not only used in mines, but also used in engineering technology to reinforce the main body of slopes, tunnels and dams. Anchor as a deep stratum tensile member, it is connected with engineering structures at one end, and the other end is deep in the stratum, the whole anchor is divided into free section and anchoring section, the free section refers to the tension at the head of the anchor to the region of the anchor solid, and its function is to apply prestressing force to the anchor. Mining anchor use scope, can realize end anchor, lengthening anchor and full anchor; easy operation, low price and other advantages, widely used in coal mines, railroads, hydropower and other projects all kinds of roadway support.
Anchor support is to change the mechanical state of the surrounding rock itself through the anchors inside the surrounding rock, and use the anchors and the surrounding rock together to form a stable rock body around the road in order to achieve the purpose of maintaining the stability of the road. This is a positive method of defense support and a significant change in mine support.
Anchor rods not only have good support effect, but also save materials, simple structure, conducive to mechanized operation and quick structure. However, anchors cannot seal the surrounding rock to prevent weathering of the surrounding rock and cannot prevent spalling of broken rock between anchors.
Anchor support design.
1. Determine the parameters of anchor rods according to the principle of reinforced arches
2. Calculate the parameters according to the suspension theory
3. Arrangement of anchor rods.
(1)Placement of roof anchors:Anchors are placed in the form of plum blossom;the central row of anchors is placed on the center line of the road roof,and the footing anchors on both sides are 200-300 mm away from the contour line of the road roof.They are separated,and the spacing of the anchors is usually 0.5-1.2m.Anchor angle:the central row of anchors is at an angle of 90° with the horizontal,and the anchors on both sides are at an angle of 70° with the horizontal.The anchor angle of the central row is at an angle of 90° with the horizontal,and the anchor angle on both sides is at an angle of 70° with the horizontal.The anchor angles are as follows. The distance between the center row of anchors and the head of the ice line is less than 1.0 m, and the distance between the anchors on both sides of the head of the ice line is less than 2.0 m. (2) Placement of roadside anchors: The anchors are placed in a T-shape, and the distance between them is usually less than 1.2 m. The distance between the anchors is usually less than 1.2 m. The anchor angle: the center row of anchors is at an angle of 90° to the horizontal, and the anchors on both sides are at an angle of 70° to the horizontal.
